Basic Use of Verbs

As mentioned in a previous post, I'd like Vulgare to conserve conjugations based on person and number as well as a distinction between an imperfect and perfect tense. In this way, users of Vulgare will be familiar with these elements if they try to study Latin or Greek further.

Users will thus have to learn the principle parts of each Latin verb, with some simplifications. These principle parts can be found in any Latin dictionary. The conjugation scheme should be fairly simple and usable for both the imperfect and perfect tenses. Here's the endings that I suggest:

1st person singular: -o/-
2nd person singular: -s
3rd person singular: -t

1st person plural: -mus
2nd person plural: -tis
3rd person plural: -(e)nt

Let's take the Latin verb amo (I love). Its infinitive is amare and its perfect form is given as amavi (I have loved). From this we can get the following conjugations:

Imperfect form
amo - I love
amas - you (s) love
amat - she/he/it loves
amamus - we love
amatis - you (p) love
amant - they love

Perfect form
amavi - I have loved
amavis - you (s) have loved
amavit - she/he/it has loved
amavimus - we have loved
amavitis - you (p) have loved
amavent* - they have loved

*note that the final syllable changes to an -e for vowel harmony.

For the verb moneo (I advise), whose infinitive is monere and perfect form monui, we get the following conjugations. Moneo has a strong -e in its root, so it does not fall out of the 1st person singular conjugation and persists in all other conjugations.

Imperfect: moneo, mones, monet, monemus, monetis, monent.
Perfect: monui, monuis, monuit, monuimus, monuitis, monuent.

For the verb rego (I rule), whose infinitive is regere and perfect form rexi, we get the following conjugations. Note that unlike moneo, rego does not have a strong -e in its root as it falls out in the 1st person singular conjugation. Subsequently, most other imperfect conjugations have the root regi-, with an -i. The only exception to this is the 3rd person plural form regent where the changes to an e due to vowel harmony.

Imperfect: rego, regis, regit, regimus, regitis, regent.
Perfect: rexi, rexis, rexit, reximus, rexitis, rexent.

For the verb capio (I take), whose infinitive is capere and perfect form cepi, we get the following conjugations. Note that capio has a strong i in its root that does not fall out in any imperfect forms. The 3rd person plural form must and -ent for vowel harmony.

Imperfect: capio, capis, capit, capimus, capitis, capient.
Perfect: cepi, cepis, cepit, cepimus, cepitis, cepent.

For the verb audio (I hear), whose infinitive is audire and perfect form audivi, we get the following conjugations:

Imperfect: audio, audis, audit, audimus, auditis, audient.
Perfect: audivi, audivis, audivit, audivimus, audivitis, audivent.

Many verbs that were originally irregular in Latin will be made regular in Vulgare. Take for instance the Latin verb eo (I go) which will become io.

Imperfect: io, is, it, imus, itis, ient.
Perfect: ivi, ivis, ivit, ivimus, ivitis, ivent.

Another example is volo (I want) which will become volo, volere, volui.

Imperfect: volo, volis, volit, volimus, volitis, volent.
Perfect: volui, voluis, voluit, voluimus, voluitis, voluent.

The only irregular verb I would keep would be sum (I am). I think it's important for Vulgare users to be familiar with at least some of the original conjugations of this verb. Its perfect form fui (I was) is completely regular however.

Imperfect: sum, es, est, sumus, estis, sunt.
Perfect: fui, fuis, fuit, fuimus, fuitis, fuent.